Table 2 The quality assessment of included studies by the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment form for cohort studies
study | Selection | Comparability | outcome | total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Representativeness of the exposed cohort | Selection of the non-exposed cohort | Ascertainment of exposures | Demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at start of study | Comparability of cohorts on the basis of the design or analysis controlled for confounders | Assessment of outcome | Was follow up long enough for outcomes to occur? | Adequacy of follow up of cohort | ||
Huang 2023 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 |
Zhang 2023 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
Chen 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Uslu 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Ying 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Yu 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Hu 2025 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |