Table 2 Patient and Stone characteristics, Surgical parameters and Renal function parameters according to the surgical method (n = 93)

Total patients (n,%)

61 (65.6%)

32 (34.4%)

Patient parameters

Mean age (years)

56.5 ± 11.9

55.7 ± 10.9

Gender (male)

44 (72.1%)

22 (68.8%)

Mean BMI (kg/m²)

25.4 ± 4.0

25.1 ± 2.8

Comorbidities (n,%)

Diabetes mellitus

12 (19.7%)

4 (12.5%)

Hypertension

25 (41.0%)

13 (40.6%)

Preoperative Lab values

Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.1 ± 0.3

0.9 ± 0.3

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

75.2 ± 20.3

83.8 ± 21.6

Hemoglobin (mg/dL)

13.5 ± 1.6

13.5 ± 1.6

Stone parameters

Total number

3.1 ± 3.9

3.2 ± 2.8

Total volume (mm³)

1,126.31 ± 1,993.8

12,047.6 ± 29,657.1

S-ReSC score

2.7 ± 2.1

4.8 ± 3.4

Hydronephrosis (n,%)

13 (21.3%)

11 (34.4%)

Surgical parameters

Operation time (min)

45.5 ± 39.9

89.0 ± 52.9

Stone-free rate (n,%)

58 (95.1%)

26 (81.2%)

Residual stones > 2 mm

3 (4.9%)

6 (18.8%)

Complication rate (n,%)

6 (9.8%)

5 (15.5%)

Grade I

Fever/pain

3 (4.8%)

1 (3.1%)

Grade II

Acute pyelonephritis

1 (1.6%)

1 (3.1%)

Transfusion

2 (3.2%)

1 (3.1%)

Grade III

Embolization

0 (0.0%)

2 (6.2%)

Ureter stricture/fistula

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

Renal function parameters

Preoperative separate renal function

(Fn_OP/Fn_Con) (%)

42.5 ± 15.3/57.5 ± 15.3

41.3 ± 19.2/58.7 ± 19.2

Change of GAP (36 mo) (%)

2.9 ± 13.9

1.1 ± 11.4

Postoperative renal function

Improved

3 (5.8%)

3 (11.1%)

Stable

30 (57.7%)

12 (44.4%)

Aggravated

19 (36.5%)

12 (44.4%)