Table 2 Outcome definition in each included study
Study | Outcome definition | Category |
|---|---|---|
Botros, 2022 [13] | Recurrent UTI defined as two culture-proven UTIs within 6 months, or three within 1 year with associated symptoms. | Symptomatic UTI + Positive Culture |
Brumfitt, 1983 [14] | At least one episode documented bacteriologically, symptomatic recurrence monitored over 12 months. | Symptomatic UTI + Positive Culture |
Chu, 2016 [15] | Symptomatic UTI post-procedure defined by clinical symptoms and urinary analysis, no consistent culture data. | Symptomatic UTI + Unknown Culture |
Gundersen, 1986 [17] | Frequent cystitis defined as two or more symptomatic episodes in the previous 6 months, evaluated in elderly women. | Symptomatic UTI + Positive Culture |
Harding, 2022 [16] | Incidence of symptomatic antibiotic-treated UTIs, clinical diagnosis preferred over microbiological confirmation. | Symptomatic UTI (Clinical) |