Table 2 Intra- and post-operative outcomes in each treatment group

Operation time, min

90.26 ± 21.69

79.30 ± 19.58

0.01^*b

Postoperative hospital stay, day

3 (2 ~ 3)

3 (2 ~ 3)

0.83^c

VAS

   Pre-operative

5.00 (4.00 ~ 6.00)

4.00 (3.00 ~ 5.75)

0.10^c

   3 months

1.00 (0.00 ~ 2.00)

1.00 (1.00 ~ 2.00)

0.27^c

   6 months

1.00 (0.00 ~ 2.00)

1.00 (1.00 ~ 2.00)

0.09^c

   12 months

1.00 (0.00 ~ 2.00)^a

1.00 (1.00 ~ 2.00)^a

0.14^c

Complications, no(%)

   Hydrocele

1 (1.7%)

1 (1.7%)

1.00^d

   Wound infection

1 (1.7%)

0 (0%)

1.00^d

   Orchitis and epididymitis

1 (1.7%)

0 (0%)

1.00^d

   Testicular atrophy

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

─

   Recurrence

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

─

Number of testicular arteries, no(%)

   One

46 (79.3%)

─

─

   Two or more

12 (20.7%)

─

─