Table 1 Demographic characteristics of analysed groups of patients

Age, years

21.78 ± 2.87

21.08 ± 2.65

0.22^a

BMI, kg/m²

21.03 ± 1.54

21.42 ± 2.01

0.27^a

Preoperative spermatic vein diameter, mm

3.2(2.9 ~ 3.5)

3.25(2.93 ~ 3.5)

0.47^b

Preoperative testicular size, mL

   Left side

14.25(11.9 ~ 17.1)

15.6(13.5 ~ 17.2)

0.12^b

   Right side

14.9(11.33 ~ 17.53)

14.2(12.05 ~ 16.88)

0.59^b

Grade of varicocele, no(%)

0.26^c

   II

27 (46.6%)

14 (35.0%)

   III

31 (53.4%)

26 (65.0%)

Pre-operative VAS

5.00 (4.00 ~ 6.00)

4.00 (3.00 ~ 5.75)

0.10^b