Table 3 Cox regression analysis on factors associated with overall survival

Existing renal impairment

1.424

0.893

2.272

0.138

Smoking history

0.933

0.583

1.494

0.773

Age > 70

2.056

1.254

3.372

0.004

Female

1.214

0.712

2.071

0.476

Charlson comorbidity score

1.107

0.965

1.271

0.147

Significant cardiovascular disease

1.917

1.13

3.254

0.016

pT stage (Ta/is/1 as reference)

 T2

3.16

1.433

6.966

0.004

 T3

6.028

3.086

11.772

< 0.001

 T4

13.675

5.038

37.118

< 0.001

Tumour grade (Grade 1 as reference)

 Grade 2

0.543

0.172

1.712

0.297

 Grade 3

2.587

1.035

6.465

0.042

Multifocal disease

1.016

0.384

2.686

0.974

Variant histology

1.177

0.163

8.509

0.872

Adjuvant chemotherapy

3.925

2.183

7.058

< 0.01

Adjuvant bladder instillation

0.927

0.475

1.81

0.825

Previous bladder cancer

0.71

0.353

1.427

0.337

Multivariable analysis

Effect size

95% CI

P value

Age > 70

1.769

0.952

3.288

0.071

Significant cardiovascular disease

1.892

1.071

3.34

0.028

pT stage (Ta/is/1 as reference)

 T2

2.357

0.923

6.021

0.073

 T3

4.613

1.924

11.065

0.001

 T4

6.478

1.669

25.144

0.007

Tumour grading (Grade 1 as reference)

 Grade 2

0.306

0.088

1.065

0.063

 Grade 3

0.763

0.252

2.308

0.631

Adjuvant chemotherapy

1.858

0.762

4.535

0.173