Table 1 Characteristics of the entire cohort and subgroups according to stone-free status
From: External validation of Ito’s nomogram and T.O.HO. scoring system in flexible ureterorenoscopy
Stone-free after surgery | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (484) | Yes (289, %59.7) | No (195, %40.3) | P value | |||
Age, (mean, years) | 45.82 ± 14.14 | 45.58 ± 14.09 | 46.17 ± 14.25 | 0.72ª | ||
Sex | ||||||
Male, n (%) | 286 (59) | 176 (61) | 113 (58) | 0.69i | ||
Female, n (%) | 198 (41) | 113 (39) | 82 (42) | |||
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
Diabetes Mellitus | 25 (5.2) | 16 (5.5) | 9 (4.6) | |||
Hipertension | 36 (7.4) | 20 (6.9) | 16 (8.2) | |||
Hypothyroid | 11 (2.3) | 7 (2.4) | 4 (2.1) | |||
CAD | 9 (1.9) | 5 (1.7) | 4 (2.1) | |||
CKD | 4 (0.8) | 2 (0.7) | 2 (1) | |||
COPD | 4 (0.8) | 3 (1) | 1 (0.5) | |||
Multiple | 122 (25.2) | 66 (22.8) | 56 (28.7) | 0.68 i | ||
Hospitalization (day) (median) (min-max) | 1 (1–2) | 2 (1–3) | 1 (1–2) | 0.82 i | ||
Affected side, n (%) | ||||||
Right | 221 (45.7) | 135 (46.7) | 86 (44.1) | |||
Left | 256 (52.9) | 150 (51.9) | 106 (54.4) | |||
Bilateral | 7 (1.4) | 4 (1.4) | 3 (1.5) | 0.85 i | ||
Stone density (HU) (mean ± SD) | 950,71 ± 320.22 | 1041.45 ± 328.10 | 0.004 ª | |||
Length of stone (mm) | 13.98 ± 6.31 | 11.60 ± 4.42 | 17.51 ± 7.01 | < 0.001 ª | ||
ESWL history, n (%) | ||||||
Yes | 78 (16.1) | 37 (12.8) | 41 (21) | |||
No | 406 (83.9) | 252 (87.2) | 154 (79) | 0.016i | ||
Preoperative stent, n (%) | ||||||
Yes | 129 (26.7) | 79 (27.3) | 50 (74.4) | |||
No | 355 (73.3) | 210 (72.7) | 145 (25.6) | 0.679 i | ||
Stone number, n (%) | ||||||
Soliter | 268 (55.4) | 190 (65.7) | 78 (40) | |||
Multiple | 216 (44.6) | 99 (34.3) | 117 (60) | < 0.001i | ||
Stone volume, mm³ | 1095.04 ± 570.36 | 955.88 ± 511.16 | 1301.28 ± 591.98 | < 0.001 ª | ||
Stone location, n (%) | ||||||
Lower pole | 135 (27.9) | 64 (22.1) | 71 (36.4) | |||
Middle | 46 (9.5) | 38 (13.1) | 8 (4.1) | |||
Upper pole | 31 (6.4) | 17 (5.9) | 14 (7.2) | |||
Pelvis | 173 (35.7) | 121 (41.9) | 52 (26.7) | |||
Multi-calyceal | 99 (20.5) | 49 [17] | 50 (25.6) | < 0.001i | ||
Hydronephrosis, n (%) | ||||||
Yes | 311 (64.3) | 193 (66.8) | 118 (60.5) | |||
No | 173 (35.7) | 96 (33.2) | 77 (39.5) | 0.158 i | ||
Ito score (mean ± SD) | 12.42 ± 5.07 | 14.51 ± 4.30 | 9,32 ± 4.52 | < 0.001 ª | ||
T.O.HO. score (mean ± SD) | 6.62 ± 1.28 | 6.16 ± 1.12 | 7.29 ± 1.20 | < 0.001 ª | ||